Chinese porcelain

Identifying Chinese porcelain.

Dynasty marks, glaze, decoration, based on 30 years of specialisation.

Core specialisation of AntiqBot. Chinese porcelain forms the deepest knowledge base of the platform, built over three decades of Belgian antique dealing.

What AntiqBot analyses

You read Chinese porcelain through its marks and glaze.

Chinese porcelain spans more than a thousand years of production history. From Tang earthenware to Qing export porcelain, every era has its own characteristics in clay, glaze, decoration and reign mark. That knowledge cannot be learned from a book. It requires years of handling real pieces.

AntiqBot is built around decades of specialisation in Chinese porcelain and ceramics. We recognise dynasty marks, glaze qualities, decoration styles and production methods. From Ming blue-and-white to Qianlong famille rose, the patterns are known. The system learns reign marks: authentic Kangxi stamps (6 characters in regular script), apocryphal Chenghua marks (inscribed on much late Qing and reproduction ware), and unmarked Song/Ming pieces (where absence itself is informative). For glaze analysis, AntiqBot detects characteristic lustre variations, craquelure patterns (natural, fine networks = old; crude artificial cracks = fake), and micro-details in colour transitions that distinguish genuine Kangxi famille verte from 19th-century European copies.

Chinese porcelain is the most forged antique in the world. That is precisely why it demands the most specialised eye. Not every mark that looks old is old.

AntiqBot gives you a first well-founded orientation. Not a definitive verification, but a sharp first look that tells you whether further expertise is worthwhile. The combination of mark analysis, glaze assessment, and decorative comparison across thousands of reference images provides reliable first guidance. That knowledge can save you thousands of euros: is this piece a valuable genuine Kangxi famille rose (€3,000-€25,000) or a 19th-century Meissen-style European reproduction (€400-€2,000)? AntiqBot narrows that uncertainty.

Dynasties & periods

Which periods AntiqBot recognises.

Chinese porcelain is classified by dynasty. Each period has its own characteristics in clay, glaze and decoration.

960–1279
Song dynasty
Celadon glaze, Ding white, Jian ware. Refinement over decoration. Foundation of all later Chinese ceramics.
1271–1368
Yuan dynasty
First blue-and-white porcelain. Cobalt blue on white, the birth of a world tradition.
1368–1644
Ming dynasty
Cloisonné enamel, polychrome five-colour (wucai), blue-and-white at its peak. Xuande and Chenghua are absolute top periods.
1644–1912
Qing dynasty
Famille rose, famille verte, famille noire. Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, three emperors, three golden ages.
1912–present
Republic & modern
Republic-period porcelain, Mao earthenware, contemporary reproduction. Quality varies enormously.
Export
Export porcelain
Chinese porcelain made for the European market: Compagnie des Indes, armorial porcelain, Imari-style.
Decoration styles

The great families and decoration traditions.

The most common Qing decoration styles, each with its own colour palette and market value.

Famille rose
Pink as dominant colour. Introduced Yongzheng period. Most produced for export.
Famille verte
Vivid green-dominant polychromy. Kangxi period. High collector value.
Famille noire
Black background with polychrome decoration. Rare and sought after.
Blue-and-white
Cobalt blue on white. From Yuan to present. Most forged style.
Wucai
Five colours: blue-and-white with red, green, yellow and black enamel. Ming top tier.
Monochrome
Single-colour glaze: oxblood, celadon, Imperial yellow. Technical masterpiece.
Marks & stamps

The mark reads the age.

Chinese porcelain marks are written in Chinese and indicate dynasty and emperor, but are more often copied than genuine.

Reign mark
Nianhaostamp: 6 or 4 characters. Emperor name + "made during the reign of". Most common.
Hallmark symbol
Symbols such as flowers, insects, jade rings. Early Ming and Song period alternatives to written characters.
Imitation mark
Later dynasties made pieces "in the style of" earlier emperors, the mark is then homage, not forgery.
Export mark
Some export pieces carry no Chinese mark but European initials or coats of arms (armorial).
Workshop mark
Private ateliers used their own marks. Recognition requires specialised knowledge.
No mark
Early Ming and Song pieces often carry no mark. Absence is in itself informative.
Forgeries & reproduction

The most forged antique in the world.

Chinese porcelain has been copied for centuries, by the Chinese themselves, by European factories, and today by industrial producers. The forgery industry is more sophisticated than ever. Artificial craquelure, chemically aged glaze, imitated cobalt.

What AntiqBot does and does not do

AntiqBot analyses visual characteristics: style, decoration, reign mark, glaze quality from photographs. We provide a well-founded first orientation, not definitive verification. For pieces of significant value, physical expertise from a specialised auction house or appraiser is always required. We draw that boundary deliberately.

What AntiqBot gives you: the knowledge to know whether a piece is worth that next step. In most cases, that is precisely what you need.

How to photograph Chinese porcelain

Base mark and glaze are both key.

The base mark is essential, photograph it as sharply as possible, preferably with a magnifying glass and good lighting. Also take a photograph of the object from the side: glaze thickness, the rim and the foot width tell much about period and production method.

Photograph the decoration in detail. Cobalt blue on blue-and-white pieces: the hue (grey-blue = Ming, bright blue = later) is diagnostic. For famille rose and verte: the colour intensity and the enamel layer. Cracks, chips or restoration work should always be shown.

Analyse your Chinese porcelain.

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Other specialisations

AntiqBot analyses are indicative in nature and do not constitute a definitive verification or legally binding valuation report. For pieces of significant value we recommend a specialised auction house or sworn appraiser.